Download Constantinople and Its Hinterland: Papers from the by Cyril Mango, Gilbert Dagron PDF

By Cyril Mango, Gilbert Dagron

ISBN-10: 0860784878

ISBN-13: 9780860784876

From its beginning, the town of Constantinople ruled the Byzantine global. It used to be the seat of the emperor, the centre of presidency and church, the focal point of trade and tradition, through a ways the best city centre; its wishes when it comes to provides and protection imposed their very own common sense at the improvement of the empire. Byzantine Constantinople has characteristically been taken care of by way of the walled urban and its fast suburbs. during this quantity, containing 25 papers brought on the twenty seventh Spring Symposium of Byzantine reviews held at Oxford in 1993, the viewpoint has been enlarged to surround a much broader geographical surroundings, that of the city’s eu and Asiatic hinterland. inside this framework numerous interconnected themes were addressed, starting from the naked prerequisites of existence and defence to fabricate and export, communications among the capital and its hinterland, tradition and inventive manifestations and the position of the sacred.

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Additional info for Constantinople and Its Hinterland: Papers from the Twenty-Seventh Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Oxford, April 1993

Sample text

See Barkan, IFM XIX: p. 305. 3 Of these, 39,470 were barracked in Istanbul and the remaining 14,379 were assigned to provincial garrison duty; see Barkan, IFM XVII: pp. 263–4. 1. for the navy to a small proportion of general defence expenditure. 17 Because of the greater cost of equipment in naval wars, even apart from personnel considerations, land wars always represented the smaller burden. The French example, furthermore, represents an underestimation of real costs, since in foreign wars transport and provisioning costs were at much higher levels.

This position of temporary vulnerability was transformed overnight by exceptional meteorological events into the makings of a military disaster of major proportions. Western sources on the battle of St Gotthard make note of the decisive effect of freak weather conditions in the encounter. Rycaut’s commentary includes the following statement: As soon as the Turkish army had (. 43 The halting of military operations in August rather than October because of the onset of adverse weather conditions was highly unusual, but the underlying problem was endemic to Ottoman warfare in all theatres.

For military purposes these dates formed the two demarcation points around which all army activities were habitually organized. 20 MATERIAL CONSTRAINTS ON OTTOMAN WARFARE The first call to arms came at the vernal equinox which preceded the Day of Hizir by 40 days, but troops were by custom allowed April as a period of grace before reporting for active duty. 36 If circumstances demanded, the army’s departure for the front could be pushed back to mid-March or forward to later in May, but in the former case this meant only a deferring of delays to a subsequent halting place better suited to the pasturing of the army herds.

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Constantinople and Its Hinterland: Papers from the Twenty-Seventh Spring Symposium of Byzantine Studies, Oxford, April 1993 by Cyril Mango, Gilbert Dagron


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