Download Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive & Corrective Bone Surgery by Alex M. Greenberg, Joachim Prein PDF

By Alex M. Greenberg, Joachim Prein

ISBN-10: 0387946861

ISBN-13: 9780387946863

This complex publication of inflexible fixation describes the medical ideas and utilized recommendations essentially for the AO/ASIF process.

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Extra info for Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive & Corrective Bone Surgery

Sample text

Using a clear plastic ruler, a reference line can be established, which extends from the subnasale to the soft tissue pogonion. This can also be accomplished on a lateral photograph or cephalometric x-ray. 13 shows the protrusion of the normal upper and lower lip. Finally, the function of the upper and lower lips should be evaluated with the patient in full smile, repose, and the pucker position. Any weaknesses or asymmetries during function may suggest damage to the motor innervation, which is supplied by the buccal and marginal mandibular rami of cranial nerve VII.

Congenital, developmental, and acquired deformities of the nose are extremely complex and challenging. Examination of the nose should include inspection from the lateral, frontal, and submental vertex views, as well as a complete intranasal examination. 37–39 When a nasal deformity is identified, obviously a more detailed and specific nasal evaluation is in order. This examination focuses on the characteristics of symmetry, width, projection, and function. In the frontal view, the nose should be in the midline.

The internal nasal exam should identify abnormalities in the septum, turbinates, and/or pathology such as polyps and synechiae. Findings such as these should be documented and investigated as indicated prior to any reconstruction attempts. 8 The topographical curves of the nose. The radix extends from the supraorbital ridges to the lateral dorsal region; the lobularalar rim should be a wide V shape at the tip; the nasolabial junction follows the contour of the upper lip passing through the subnasale extending along the columella.

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Craniomaxillofacial Reconstructive & Corrective Bone Surgery by Alex M. Greenberg, Joachim Prein


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