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This can lead to lower overall life-cycle costs and a product design that is optimized to its support processes. When designing for maintainability/serviceability, there needs to be consideration of the trade-offs involved. In high reliability and low cost products or with consumable products, designing for maintainability/serviceability is not important. In the case of a durable good with a long life cycle, or a product with parts subject to wear, maintainability/serviceability may be more important than initial product acquisition cost, and the product must be designed for easy maintenance.

A variety of personal computer and workstation software packages are available to support DFM/A objectives. These tools include the following: 1. Simplify and probobilityofa and assembling related reduce perfect the product to purchasing, with fewer parts. pracesses number af parts, the other Must Standardize is simplified or unique combined use camman and there is a greater by designers because to facilitate and stocked parts. and Design with praviding and af similar designs also be used IO guide improved Select to minimize machining and manufacturing processes.

The third stage typically will add costs to the product through efforts to ensure compliance with the tolerances associated with product parameters. Since an organization cannot cost-effectively inspect quality into the product, it must focus on minimizing variability in the product through product and process design and control of processes. However, some variability is uncontrollable or very difficult to control. This difficult to control variation is referred to as noise. Noise is the result of variations in materials, processes, the environment and the product’s use or misuse.