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This was rectified by fitting an extension piece to the drain after de-blanking to route drainings to a point remote from the operator. In many cases, drain valves are too close to the ground resulting in high potential for splash back on the operator using the drain valve. ACCIDENT A substantial release of HF and butane!!! A failure to fully isolate the acid rerun system resulted in a major leak of 94% HF and 6% Butane (a total of 3–4 tonnes). A large HF vapour cloud formed around the area. There were some problems in establishing what was the best combination of clothing and breathing equipment to use but full protective suits (Zoot suits) were finally worn because of the cloud size.

Administrative controls consist of managerial efforts to reduce hazards through planning, information and training (such as hazard communication, MSDSs), written policies and procedures (for example, the Chemical Hygiene Plan), safe work practices, and environmental and medical surveillance (for example, work place inspections, equipment preventive maintenance, exposure monitoring, and workers’ health monitoring). They primarily address the human element of hazard controls. Other administrative controls include: • • • • • • reduction of the number of exposed workers; reduction of the duration and/or frequency of exposure of workers; good housekeeping; education, training and evaluation; Management of Change (MOC); regular environmental and medical monitoring or surveillance to check that the above control methods are effective.

1. Grasp the outside of one glove 2. Hold the glove with your gloved hand 3. Insert your fingers on the inside of the glove 4. Turn the glove inside out over the first glove Appropriate coveralls for flash fire hazards If flammable materials are handled at the workplace, the coveralls must be able to protect the operator during a flash fire. The temperatures attained by flash fires have been estimated to range from 550 to 1050oC (1022 to 1922oF). Most regular clothing fabrics burst into flames at these temperatures.