By J. A. Coffeen
ISBN-10: 0878142592
ISBN-13: 9780878142590
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Additional resources for Interpreting Seismic Data
Sample text
These imaging techniques, while relying mainly on seismic data acquired in the field, are becoming more and more sophisticated. Computer technology has advanced so far that it is now possible to incorporate the data obtained from different types of tests, such as logging, production information, and gravimetric testing, which can all be combined to create a “visualization” of the underground formation. By this means, geologists and geophysicists are able to combine all of their sources of data to compile one clear, complete image of subsurface geology.
Therefore, exploratory wells are only drilled in areas where other data have indicated a high probability of gas-containing formations. The search for natural gas now begins with geologists locating the types of rock that are usually found near to natural gas and petroleum reservoirs. The methods used include seismic surveys that are used to estimate the correct places to drill wells. Seismic surveys use echoes from a vibration source at the earth’s surface (usually a vibrating pad under a truck built for this purpose) to generate information about 40 Chapter 2 Origin and Production the subterranean formation.
This rapid expansion of the gas allows for the lowering of the temperature in the separator. After liquid removal, the dry gas then travels back through the heat exchanger and is 52 Chapter 2 Origin and Production warmed by the incoming wet gas. By varying the pressure of the gas in various sections of the separator, it is possible to vary the temperature, which causes the oil and some water to be condensed out of the wet gas stream. This basic pressure-temperature relationship can work in reverse as well, to extract gas from a liquid oil stream.
Interpreting Seismic Data by J. A. Coffeen
by Brian
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