By S.A. Patin (Auth.)
ISBN-10: 0408108401
ISBN-13: 9780408108409
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Extra resources for Pollution and the Biological Resources of the Oceans
Sample text
This question must b e further investigated. In addition to the dissolved petroleum products and petroleum film on t h e sea surface, a n o t h e r form of oil pollution, constituted by aggregates of p e t r o l e u m origin, which are usually populated by periphyton (blue-green algae, Idothea metallica, Lepas pectinata and other invertebrates) is also e n c o u n t e r e d . 2 Occurrence and content of asphaltenes (per cent) in oil aggregates from the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea. , 1974).
This effect may be used as an indicator in the control of radioactive and metal contamination levels (Ray and M c L e e s e , 1980). T h e r e is a correlation b e t w e e n the general tendency of aquatic organisms to accumulate radionuclides and metals and the mineral residue (ash) content of the biomass, probably owing to the active participation of n u m e r o u s microc o m p o n e n t s of the environment in the formation of b o n e tissues and solid structures. Biosorption ( Z u b c h e n k o , 1970), the initial stage in the concentration of micro-impurities, depends not only on the specific body surface of aquatic organisms, but also on their physiology.
This is particularly important in the present context because t h e transport of tropospheric aerosols in t h e latitudinal belt in which t h e pollution originates is predominantly zonal. Evidence exists t o show that atmospheric pollution of North America and E u r o p e is transported mainly latitudinally, and becomes deposited o n the water surface of the northern parts of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. T h e extent of this process may b e illustrated by t h e fact that, as a result of atmospheric transport, 1000 tons of arsenic, 230 tons of cadmium, 2000 tons of c h r o m i u m , 15000 tons of lead, 6000 tons of manganese and 5000 tons of nickel per year are fed into the North Sea alone ( G E S A M P , 1974).
Pollution and the Biological Resources of the Oceans by S.A. Patin (Auth.)
by Daniel
4.4