By Martin Kennedy
ISBN-10: 0444632700
ISBN-13: 9780444632708
Practical Petrophysics appears to be like at either the foundations and perform of petrophysics in knowing petroleum reservoirs. It concentrates at the instruments and strategies in daily use, and addresses all kinds of reservoirs, together with unconventionals.
The booklet offers valuable causes on easy methods to practice healthy for function interpretations of petrophysical info, with emphasis on what the interpreter wishes and what's essentially attainable with actual information. Readers usually are not restricted to static reservoir homes for enter to volumetrics, because the booklet additionally comprises purposes corresponding to reservoir functionality, seismic characteristic, geo-mechanics, resource rock characterization, and more.
- Principles and perform are given equivalent emphasis
- Simple versions and ideas clarify the underlying principles
- Extensive use of up to date, real-life examples
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Additional resources for Practical Petrophysics, Volume 62
Sample text
Both are equally valid descriptions but one needs to be consistent and clear which is being used. We will return to this issue later but to begin with we will assume there is no ambiguity about what is solid and fluid. As a ratio, porosity can have a value between zero and one (the latter is pure fluid of course). It is also commonly expressed as a percentage or in porosity units (pu), which are actually the same thing. Porosities for real rocks can vary from 0 to at least 50% although porosities in excess of 35% are unusual.
The highest effective permeability will be to oil when the water is at irreducible water saturation. The highest effective permeability to water occurs at the residual saturation but in this case it is only about 40% of the absolute permeability. At an intermediate water saturation of about 50% the effective permeabilities for both oil and water are low and even their sum is a lot less than the absolute permeability. This behaviour is fairly typical of inter-granular pore systems. In Fig. 6 the relative permeability curves are limited to the saturation range defined by irreducible water and residual oil.
The reasons for this will be discussed in the sections on clay and shale volume. 64 g/cm3. Since we invariably deal with mixtures, the properties we measure are some form of weighted average of the properties of the components. The equations that describe how the property of a mixture depends on the properties and proportions of its components are called ‘mixing laws’. Since in log analysis we always deal with volume fractions, the mixing laws we use are written in terms of these. The simplest conceivable mixing law is the volume weighted average of the individual component’s properties.
Practical Petrophysics, Volume 62 by Martin Kennedy
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