By Robert Clews
ISBN-10: 0128001585
ISBN-13: 9780128001585
This evaluation of undertaking finance for the oil and fuel covers monetary markets, assets and services of finance, monetary constructions, and capital elevating tactics. approximately US$300 billion of undertaking finance debt is raised every year throughout numerous capital extensive sectors-including oil and gasoline, strength, infrastructure, and mining-and the oil and gasoline represents round 30% of the worldwide venture finance marketplace.
With over 25 year’s venture finance adventure in overseas banking and undefined, writer Robert Clews explores undertaking finance recommendations and their effectiveness within the petroleum undefined. He highlights the petroleum avid gamers, hazards, economics, and commercial/legal preparations. With petroleum tasks representing among the most important business actions on the earth, this publication ties jointly techniques and instruments via actual examples and goals to make sure that undertaking finance will proceed to play a crucial function in bringing jointly traders and creditors to finance those ventures.
- Combines the idea and perform of elevating long term investment for capital extensive tasks with insights in regards to the allure of venture finance to the overseas oil and fuel industry
- Includes case experiences and examples protecting initiatives within the Arctic, East Africa, Latin the USA, North the United States, and Australia
- Emphasizes the entire downstream price chain of the rather than proscribing itself to upstream and pipeline undertaking financing
- Highlights petroleum gamers, dangers, economics, and advertisement and felony arrangements
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Additional resources for Project Finance for the International Petroleum Industry
Sample text
Due to the fundamental importance of the main project contracts to the lenders and, in order to establish a direct relationship between the lenders and the project, counterparties enter into direct agreements in relation to each of the project contracts. An important aim of a direct agreement is to suspend the termination of the project contracts and allow the lenders to rectify any defaults under the agreements. Lenders are usually given rights to substitute the project company with an acceptable substitute entity.
The starting position for project finance tends to be a repayment profile which results in level debt service during the loan period, a structure which is identical to a standard mortgage type repayment schedule and is commonly termed an ‘annuity style’ repayment schedule. A variety of techniques are then typically employed to ‘sculpt’ the annuity repayment profile. 3) and uses a variety of techniques to modify the basic annuity repayment profile. Repayments of principal may be increased or decreased in specific periods to match the cashflow characteristics of the project.
Lenders will usually try to negotiate provisions whereby they can accelerate the funding of equity in certain specific circumstances including, for example, instances whereby the borrower defaults under the loan agreement. The lenders would ideally expect these types of agreement to be entered into by the sponsors directly with the lenders themselves and for lenders to be able to control the provisions of the agreement directly. The sponsors could also provide their obligations to the borrower.
Project Finance for the International Petroleum Industry by Robert Clews
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