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4c). 2 Sketching Straight Lines For a clearer introduction to sketching systematics, the whole procedure will be shown for the example of making an arc and a straight line. Such exercises should be continuously revised to prevent a break in motoric function control and any loss of memory with respect to how to establish suitable conditions for drawing ratios. Wrong: When the forearm rotates it functions as a compass (Fig. 5a). Correct: Only the upper arm should rotate (Fig. 5b). The forearm and the hand stay still.

The pencil should be held at its tip, straight and firmly pressed to the paper (Fig. 8). The distance between the finger tips and the pencil tip decreases, and is between 20 and 35 mm. 3 Basic Rules of Freehand Drawing 23 Fig. 9 Freehand sketching of horizontal parallel lines [10] The hand should rest comfortably but firmly on the drawing plane. In this case, only the fingers are used to move the pencil, as moving the hand over the existing lines (grey, thin) could smudge it. For this reason, it is necessary to occasionally stop the process of drawing heavy, thick lines.

7 This grip provides an obscured view of the area around the drawn lines [4] Fig. 8 This grip allows a very dark line. The black colour comes from a high pressure being applied to the surface [4] muscle release in the entire hand musculature. This causes sudden uncontrollable hand movements, which leads to the drawing of undesired lines on the paper. Line drawing Sketching should begin with fine grey lines, defining a coordinate system, a centreline, the edge of a drawing, etc. This is followed by defining the shape of the product (work, object) that is to be presented.