Download Tackling Marine Debris in the 21st Century by National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life PDF

By National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Committee on the Effectiveness of International and National Measures to Prevent and Reduce Marine Debris and Its Impacts

ISBN-10: 0309126975

ISBN-13: 9780309126977

Marine particles from ships and different ocean-based sources-including trash and misplaced fishing gear-contributes to the spoiling of seashores, fouling of floor waters and the seafloor, and damage to marine animals, between different results. regrettably, overseas conventions and household legislation meant to manage marine particles haven't been profitable, partially as the legislation, as written, supply little incentive to alter habit. This ebook identifies how one can lessen waste, increase waste disposal at ports, and develop the regulatory framework towards a aim of 0 waste discharge into the marine setting. development relies on a dedication to sustained investment and applicable institutional help. The Interagency Marine particles Coordinating Committee should still, via making plans and prioritization, aim learn to appreciate the assets, fates, and affects of marine particles. it's going to aid the institution of scalable and statistically rigorous protocols that let tracking at numerous temporal and spatial scales. those protocols may still comprise evaluative metrics that let overview of development in marine particles mitigation. the U.S., via management within the overseas area, should still supply technical tips and help for the institution of extra tracking and learn courses all over the world.

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Benthic Environments Although less readily observed than marine debris in coastal or pelagic environments, marine debris is also present on the sea floor (see Appendix C, Table III). However, given the difficulties of sampling ben­ thic environments, there have only been a small number of studies of benthic debris and those noted herein have focused on areas that are shallower than several hundred meters in depth. , greater debris density nearshore vs. offshore). , 2001) and Indonesia (Uneputty and Evans, 1997) have the two highest reported densities of benthic marine debris.

In NWHI, Donohue et al. (2001) showed that DFG was responsible for damage to benthic coral reef habitat. , 2007), marine debris poses a significant and persistent threat for the reefs of NWHI. In the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary, Chiappone et al. 2 percent of the species present. Socioeconomic Impacts Marine debris can also reduce direct and indirect socioeconomic ben­ efits (use values, option values, and nonuse values) or increase direct or indirect costs (National Research Council, 2004).

Recommendation: Additional studies are needed to assess the effec­ tiveness of measures to prevent and reduce marine debris and to provide useful guidance to managers and decision makers for debris mitigation. In particular, the Interagency Marine Debris Coordinating Committee (IMDCC) should sponsor and facilitate research in the following areas: • Abundance and fluxes: Additional longitudinal marine debris monitoring surveys are needed, particularly for benthic and pelagic debris and for debris fluxes, to identify regional differences and trends in the prevalence, distribution, makeup, and fate of debris.

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Tackling Marine Debris in the 21st Century by National Research Council, Division on Earth and Life Studies, Ocean Studies Board, Committee on the Effectiveness of International and National Measures to Prevent and Reduce Marine Debris and Its Impacts


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