Download Practical TCP-IP and Ethernet Networking by Deon Reynders Pr Eng BSc (ElecEng) (Hons) MBA, Edwin PDF

Show description

As a consequence this has developed as a de facto industrial internetworking standard. Many manufacturers of proprietary equipment are using TCP/IP to facilitate internetworking.  6XUZUIURY GTJ VXUZUIUR YZGTJGXJY A protocol has already been defined as the rules for exchanging data in a manner that is understandable to both the transmitter and the receiver. There must be a formal and agreed set of rules if the communication is to be successful. The rules generally relate to such responsibilities as error detection and correction methods, flow control methods, and voltage and current standards.

17 Ring topology 8OTM ZUVURUM_ GJ\GTZGMKY • A physical ring topology has minimal cable requirements • No wiring center or closet is needed • The message can be automatically acknowledged • Each node can regenerate the signal 8OTM ZUVURUM_ JOYGJ\GTZGMKY • If any node goes down, the entire ring goes down • Diagnosis/troubleshooting (fault isolation) is difficult because communication is only one-way • Adding or removing nodes disrupts the network • There will be a limit on the distance between nodes As well as these three main topologies, some of the more important variations will now be considered.

There are many topologies available but they form two basic types, broadcast and point-to-point. Broadcast topologies are those where the message ripples out from the transmitter to reach all nodes. There is no active regeneration of the signal by the nodes and so signal propagation is independent of the operation of the network electronics. This then limits the size of such networks. 13 shows an example of a broadcast topology. 13 Broadcast topology In a point-to-point communications network, however, each node is communicating directly with only one node.