By Ronen A. Cohen
ISBN-10: 1137502509
ISBN-13: 9781137502506
ISBN-10: 1349699527
ISBN-13: 9781349699520
In the course of the revolution in Iran, a small, fanatical team known as the Forqan used detailed assassinations of spiritual leaders to struggle the Ayatollah Khomeini's plan to set up a theocratic Islamic nation. Ronen A. Cohen examines what quite occurred in the back of the fog of revolution.
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Extra resources for Revolution Under Attack: The Forqan Group of Iran
Sample text
The movement was active until 1963, when the Shah destroyed all the political and opposition movements and organizations in Iran. 8 During his studies in the Sorbonne, Shariati became increasingly familiar with, and influenced by, the philosophers and intellectuals who were active at that time and the situations that arose from the major problems that politics and philosophy were dealing with. The first philosopher that influenced him was Frantz Fanon, who actively supported third world societies that were trying to free themselves from imperialism and colonialism and believed that such societies had to abandon religious life in order to promote their struggle against imperialism.
This council functioned until 1921, when the Pahlavis gained power in the country. 20 This USD file examined the mullahs of Iran in contrast to their colleagues in the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia and concluded that the difference between them was that the “Iranian mullahs have traditionally adopted a critical stance toward the ruling establishment, operating in effect as a theological opposition,” 21 while this was not the case with the other Islamic countries. At the same time that the USD’s report was issued on June 14, 1979, the USD returned to the current revolution and very clearly identified the existence of revolutionary forces that were struggling against Khomeini’s intention to control and influence the creation of a new constitution that would remove all his rivals of both the left and right wings from any positions of power.
15 These good things could, however, not last forever and in 1972, the SAVAK closed this institution because the regime feared the combination of young and enthusiastic people and charismatic teachers with revolutionary, political-religious ideas. However, there was yet another reason and this would later be reflected in the hatred the Forqan Group expressed toward religious figures from this institution. Ayatollah Murtaza Motahhari, who was one of the institution’s leading figures, thought that Shariati’s philosophy, which was critical of the Shia religion and its traditions, was too critical and even pejorative.
Revolution Under Attack: The Forqan Group of Iran by Ronen A. Cohen
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